Author List - web
IceCube-PINGU Collaboration: R. Abbasi17, M. Ackermann65, J. Adams18, J. A. Aguilar12, M. Ahlers22, M. Ahrens54, J.M. Alameddine23, C. Alispach28, A. A. Alves Jr.31, N. M. Amin46, K. Andeen44, T. Anderson62, G. Anton26, C. Argüelles14, T. C. Arlen62, Y. Ashida41, S. Axani15, X. Bai50, A. Balagopal V.41, A. Barbano28, S. W. Barwick30, B. Bastian65, V. Basu41, S. Baur12, R. Bay8, J. J. Beatty20,21, K.-H. Becker64, J. Becker Tjus11, C. Bellenghi27, S. Benda41, S. BenZvi52, D. Berley19, E. Bernardini65,a, D. Z. Besson34, G. Binder8,9, D. Bindig64, E. Blaufuss19, S. Blot65, M. Boddenberg1, F. Bontempo31, J. Borowka1, S. Böser42, O. Botner63, J. Böttcher1, E. Bourbeau22, F. Bradascio65, J. Braun41, B. Brinson6, S. Bron28, J. Brostean-Kaiser65, S. Browne32, A. Burgman63, R. T. Burley2, R. S. Busse45, M. A. Campana49, E. G. Carnie-Bronca2, C. Chen6, Z. Chen55, D. Chirkin41, K. Choi56, B. A. Clark24, K. Clark33, L. Classen45, A. Coleman46, G. H. Collin15, J. M. Conrad15, P. Coppin13, P. Correa13, D. F. Cowen61,62, R. Cross52, C. Dappen1, P. Dave6, C. De Clercq13, J. J. DeLaunay60, D. Delgado López14, H. Dembinski46, K. Deoskar54, A. Desai41, P. Desiati41, K. D. de Vries13, G. de Wasseige38, M. de With10, T. DeYoung24, A. Diaz15, J. C. Díaz-Vélez41, M. Dittmer45, H. Dujmovic31, M. Dunkman62, M. A. DuVernois41, E. Dvorak50, T. Ehrhardt42, P. Eller27, R. Engel31,32, H. Erpenbeck1, J. Evans19, J. J. Evans43, P. A. Evenson46, K. L. Fan19, K. Farrag36, A. R. Fazely7, A. Fedynitch58, N. Feigl10, S. Fiedlschuster26, A. T. Fienberg62, K. Filimonov8, C. Finley54, L. Fischer65, D. Fox61, A. Franckowiak11,65, E. Friedman19, A. Fritz42, P. Fürst1, T. K. Gaisser46, J. Gallagher40, E. Ganster1, A. Garcia14, S. Garrappa65, L. Gerhardt9, A. Ghadimi60, C. Glaser63, T. Glauch27, T. Glüsenkamp26, J. G. Gonzalez46, S. Goswami60, D. Grant24, T. Grégoire62, S. Griswold52, C. Günther1, P. Gutjahr23, C. Haack27, A. Hallgren63, R. Halliday24, L. Halve1, F. Halzen41, M. Ha Minh27, K. Hanson41, J. Hardin41, A. A. Harnisch24, J. Haugen41, A. Haungs31, D. Hebecker10, K. Helbing64, F. Henningsen27, E. C. Hettinger24, S. Hickford64, J. Hignight25, C. Hill16, G. C. Hill2, K. D. Hoffman19, R. Hoffmann64, K. Hoshina41,b, F. Huang62, M. Huber27, T. Huber31, K. Hultqvist54, M. Hünnefeld23, R. Hussain41, K. Hymon23, S. In56, N. Iovine12, A. Ishihara16, M. Jansson54, G. S. Japaridze5, M. Jeong56, M. Jin14, B. J. P. Jones4, O. Kalekin26, D. Kang31, W. Kang56, X. Kang49, A. Kappes45, D. Kappesser42, L. Kardum23, T. Karg65, M. Karl27, A. Karle41, T. Katori35, U. Katz26, M. Kauer41, M. Kellermann1, J. L. Kelley41, A. Kheirandish62, K. Kin16, T. Kintscher65, J. Kiryluk55, S. R. Klein8,9, R. Koirala46, H. Kolanoski10, T. Kontrimas27, L. Köpke42, C. Kopper24, S. Kopper60, D. J. Koskinen22, P. Koundal31, M. Kovacevich49, M. Kowalski10,65, T. Kozynets22, C. B. Krauss25, E. Kun11, N. Kurahashi49, N. Lad65, C. Lagunas Gualda65, J. L. Lanfranchi62, M. J. Larson19, F. Lauber64, J. P. Lazar14,41, J. W. Lee56, K. Leonard41, A. Leszczyńska32, Y. Li62, M. Lincetto11, Q. R. Liu41, M. Liubarska25, E. Lohfink42, C. J. Lozano Mariscal45, L. Lu41, F. Lucarelli28, A. Ludwig24,37, W. Luszczak41, Y. Lyu8,9, W. Y. Ma65, J. Madsen41, K. B. M. Mahn24, Y. Makino41, S. Mancina41, S. Mandalia36, I. C. Mariş12, I. Martinez-Soler14, R. Maruyama47, K. Mase16, S. McCarthy41, T. McElroy25, F. McNally39, J. V. Mead22, K. Meagher41, S. Mechbal65, A. Medina21, M. Meier16, S. Meighen-Berger27, J. Micallef24, D. Mockler12, T. Montaruli28, R. W. Moore25, R. Morse41, M. Moulai15, R. Naab65, R. Nagai16, U. Naumann64, J. Necker65, L. V. Nguyễn24, H. Niederhausen24, M. U. Nisa24, S. C. Nowicki24, A. Obertacke Pollmann64, M. Oehler31, B. Oeyen29, A. Olivas19, E. O'Sullivan63, H. Pandya46, D. V. Pankova62, N. Park33, G. K. Parker4, E. N. Paudel46, L. Paul44, C. Pérez de los Heros63, L. Peters1, T. C. Petersen22, J. Peterson41, S. Philippen1, S. Pieper64, J. L. Pinfold25, M. Pittermann32, A. Pizzuto41, M. Plum44, Y. Popovych42, A. Porcelli29, M. Prado Rodriguez41, P. B. Price8, B. Pries24, G. T. Przybylski9, C. Raab12, J. Rack-Helleis42, A. Raissi18, M. Rameez22, K. Rawlins3, I. C. Rea27, Z. Rechav41, A. Rehman46, P. Reichherzer11, R. Reimann1, G. Renzi12, E. Resconi27, S. Reusch65, W. Rhode23, M. Richman49, B. Riedel41, E. J. Roberts2, S. Robertson8,9, G. Roellinghoff56, M. Rongen42, C. Rott53,56, T. Ruhe23, D. Ryckbosch29, D. Rysewyk Cantu24, I. Safa14,41, J. Saffer32, S. E. Sanchez Herrera24, A. Sandrock23, P. Sandstrom41, M. Santander60, S. Sarkar48, S. Sarkar25, K. Satalecka65, M. Schaufel1, H. Schieler31, S. Schindler26, T. Schmidt19, A. Schneider41, J. Schneider26, F. G. Schröder31,46, L. Schumacher27, G. Schwefer1, S. Sclafani49, D. Seckel46, S. Seunarine51, A. Sharma63, S. Shefali32, M. Silva41, B. Skrzypek14, B. Smithers4, R. Snihur41, J. Soedingrekso23, D. Soldin46, S. Söldner-Rembold43, C. Spannfellner27, G. M. Spiczak51, C. Spiering65,c, J. Stachurska65, M. Stamatikos21, T. Stanev46, R. Stein65, J. Stettner1, A. Steuer42, T. Stezelberger9, T. Stürwald64, T. Stuttard22, G. W. Sullivan19, I. Taboada6, A. Taketa59, H. K. M. Tanaka59, S. Ter-Antonyan7, J. Thwaites41, S. Tilav46, F. Tischbein1, K. Tollefson24, C. Tönnis57, S. Toscano12, D. Tosi41, A. Trettin65, M. Tselengidou26, C. F. Tung6, A. Turcati27, R. Turcotte31, C. F. Turley62, J. P. Twagirayezu24, B. Ty41, M. A. Unland Elorrieta45, N. Valtonen-Mattila63, J. Vandenbroucke41, N. van Eijndhoven13, D. Vannerom15, J. van Santen65, J. Veitch-Michaelis41, S. Verpoest29, C. Walck54, W. Wang41, T. B. Watson4, C. Weaver24, P. Weigel15, A. Weindl31, M. J. Weiss62, J. Weldert42, C. Wendt41, J. Werthebach23, M. Weyrauch31, N. Whitehorn24,37, C. H. Wiebusch1, D. R. Williams60, M. Wolf41, K. Woschnagg8, G. Wrede26, J. Wulff11, X. W. Xu7, J. P. Yanez25, E. Yildizci41, S. Yoshida16, S. Yu24, T. Yuan41, Z. Zhang55, P. Zhelnin14
- III. Physikalisches Institut, RWTH Aachen University, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, 5005, Australia
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alaska Anchorage, 3211 Providence Dr., Anchorage, AK 99508, USA
- Dept. of Physics, University of Texas at Arlington, 502 Yates St., Science Hall Rm 108, Box 19059, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
- CTSPS, Clark-Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA 30314, USA
- School of Physics and Center for Relativistic Astrophysics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Dept. of Physics, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
- Dept. of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Institut für Physik, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
- Fakultät für Physik & Astronomie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
- Université Libre de Bruxelles, Science Faculty CP230, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Dienst ELEM, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Physics and Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Dept. of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Dept. of Physics and Institute for Global Prominent Research, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
- Department of Physics, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660, USA
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Dept. of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Dept. of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Dept. of Physics and Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Dept. of Physics, TU Dortmund University, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Dept. of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
- Erlangen Centre for Astroparticle Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Physik-department, Technische Universität München, D-85748 Garching, Germany
- Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire, Université de Genève, CH-1211 Genève, Switzerland
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Astroparticle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Experimental Particle Physics, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Dept. of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- Dept. of Physics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Centre for Cosmology, Particle Physics and Phenomenology - CP3, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Department of Physics, Mercer University, Macon, GA 31207-0001, USA
- Dept. of Astronomy, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Dept. of Physics and Wisconsin IceCube Particle Astrophysics Center, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Institute of Physics, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 7, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
- Institut für Kernphysik, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Bartol Research Institute and Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
- Dept. of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Dept. of Physics, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom
- Dept. of Physics, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Physics Department, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD 57701, USA
- Dept. of Physics, University of Wisconsin, River Falls, WI 54022, USA
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Oskar Klein Centre and Dept. of Physics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-3800, USA
- Dept. of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
- Dept. of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Dept. of Physics, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
- Dept. of Physics, University of Wuppertal, D-42119 Wuppertal, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany
- also at Università di Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
- also at Earthquake Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
- also at National Research Nuclear University, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (MEPhI), Moscow 115409, Russia
Acknowledgements
The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the following agencies and institutions:
USA – U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs,
U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division,
U.S. National Science Foundation-EPSCoR,
Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation,
Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin–Madison,
Open Science Grid (OSG),
Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE),
Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center,
U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center,
Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland,
Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University,
Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University,
Belgium – Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO),
FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes,
and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo);
Germany – Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF),
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG),
Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP),
Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association,
Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY),
and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen;
Sweden – Swedish Research Council,
Swedish Polar Research Secretariat,
Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC),
and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation;
Australia – Australian Research Council;
Canada – Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada,
Calcul Québec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Digital Research Alliance of Canada;
Denmark – Villum Fonden and Carlsberg Foundation;
New Zealand – Marsden Fund;
Japan – Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS)
and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University;
Korea – National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF);
Switzerland – Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF);
United Kingdom – Department of Physics, University of Oxford.